1860s

This decade was one of great change. Not only were white settlers coming into the county in greater numbers, they were building houses and stores, saw mills and lumber yards, a grist mill and a boat dock. By 1864 Elk Rapids had seven churches and seven saloons. All of this had it's affect on Milton township. 

In addition to the Natives listed below there were 45 white settlers in Milton township in 1860.

Federal Census taken 11 Jul 1860 – Milton township, Grand Traverse county. 

House #/family# Name Age Sex 

607/436 Eiquabenage, 80, male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Mary, 70, female, born in Michigan

608/437 Keneswaga, 46, male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Matwesin, 40, female, born in Michigan

Pewagene, 20, female, born in Michigan

609/438 Shabanaqua,  36, male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Peuasine 36, female, born in Michigan

Pewaqua 16, female, born in Michigan

610/439 Keuado, 74, male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

611 un [unoccupied]

612 un [unoccupied]

613/440 Pabomera,  34, male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Maonqouin, 34, female, born in Michigan

David, 12, male, born in Michigan

Wahasee, 10, female, born in Michigan

Meegesee, 8, male, born in Michigan

Naasheen 6, male, born in Michigan

614/441 Mabosa 20 male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Keuadin, 17, female, born in Michigan

Bouagesqua 1, female, born in Michigan

615/442 Naquageshi 25 male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Nomequa 21, female, born in Michigan

Keuadosa 8, male, born in Michigan

Mitchell 4, male, born in Michigan

616/443 Kenoc 30 male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Angeka 28, female, born in Michigan

Pagoshe 10, female, born in Michigan

617/444 Menodosh Guthrie, 40, male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Savenagrim 50, female, born in Michigan

618/445 Aken, 28, male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Musquaquet,  28, female, born in Michigan

Wassabonequa, 6, female, born in Michigan

619/446 Nedouinequet, 26, male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Doheen 20, female, born in Michigan

Wabeskauakin 2, male, born in Michigan

620/447 Wabaquam, 40, male, value of real estate $200, born in Michigan

Andenoqua 40, female, born in Michigan

Dohema 18, female, born in Michigan

Mary 16, female, born in Michigan

Waubouse 10, male, born in Michigan

Etawah 8, male, born in Michigan

The 1861 Annuity Roll transcribed by Larry Wykoff (from Academia.edu) from originals at the National Archives, Washington, D.C.

 

Civil War

When the Union forces ran low on sharpshooters and the call went out to each state, Michigan changed the law prohibiting Native American from military service. The First Michigan Sharpshooters was organized between April 14, 1863 and October 7, 1863 with the first six companies mustered into service on July 7, 1863. Four more companies were formed soon after. One of these companies, Company K, was recruited from the tribes of Michigan.

While no one living in Kewadin in the 1860s served in Company K, several who did serve had later ties to the community.

John Wesley, whose children Lizzie Wilson, Frank Wesley and Emma Shawano later lived in Kewadin and Elk Rapids did serve in the Civil War. John enlisted in company K, First Sharpshooters, 1 Feb 1864 at Kalamazoo for 3 years, age 28. He mustered 2 Feb 1864. On 19 Feb 1864 he was admitted to Nelson Convalescent Camp at Camp Nelson, KY from Grand Rapids, MI, where his age is given as 21. Discharged from Camp Nelson on 4 Apr 1864 he is sent to join the regiment, arriving at Camp near Annapolis on 14 Apr 1864. John is next sent to the 2nd Division USA General Hospital in Alexandria, VA from the field due to intermittent fever on 27 Apr 1864. On 21 May 1864 he is transferred to Satterlee General Hospital in West Philadelphia. John is finally returned to duty on 18 Oct 1864. Promoted to Corporal from Private on 1 Mar 1865. He mustered out at Delaney House in Washington DC on 28 Jul 1865 and returned to Mason county, Michigan. John died there 26 Sep 1908 and is buried in an unmarked grave in the Grant cemetery.

Another Civil War soldier with Kewadin ties was Charles Allen whose sister Mary Ann (wife of Peter Mark) died in Kewadin in 1868. Charles of Northport. enlisted in company K, First Sharpshooters, as Sergeant, 12 Jun 1863 at Northport, for 3 years at age 19. He mustered 22 Jun 1863. Charles died on 18 May 1864 of wounds he received in action at the Battle of the Wilderness, VA on 6 May 1864. His mother applied for a pension based on his Civil War service on 11 Mar 1881.

Peter Anderson, uncle of Edward, enlisted in the Army in 1865 but saw no service, for his company got only to Grand Rapids on its south-bound journey before the war ended, according to his obituary. The military record of Peter Anderson was mixed with that of Peter Amderling who actually saw service. According to the 1890 Federal Census Peter Anderson stated he enlisted in Company K and that his discharge papers had been lost. He was living in Mason and Manistee counties prior to the war, moving to Kewadin in the 1920s. He is buried in an unmarked grave in the Kewadin Indian Mission cemetery.

Another source of information are the draft rolls of Antrim county. The Enrollment Act, also known as the Draft Act of 1863 was enacted by Congress on 3 Mar 1863 to provide additional manpower for the Union Army. It required enrollment of all male citizens between 20 and 45. Married men were not drafted until all the unmarried had been taken. Eight Native American men from Milton township and eight from Elk Rapids township are on the list of 1 Jul 1863.

From Milton township:

Aukewapor, 29, farmer, married

Agqua-gon-che, 27, married

Aiken, 25, married

Mam-a-goo-na, 30, farmer, married

Na-nogon-a-be, 34, farmer, married

Pa-sha-na-quom, 34, farmer, married

Pe-Eew, 25, farmer, single

Paptisdockea, John, 20, farmer, single

From Elk Rapids township:

Fisher, Charles, 39, farmer, married

Fisher, David, 28, farmer, married

Francis, 25, laborer, married

Me-nam-o-quetta, 24, farmer, married

Martin, 21, farmer, married

Mek-a-noc, 30, farmer, married

Mec-a-noe, 25, laborer, single

Sho-ba-quom, 28, laborer, married

None of the above named men were drafted or volunteered to served in the war.

D. C. Leach, Office of the Mackinac Agency, Detroit, Michigan, October 17, 1863: 

[From the Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indians Affairs for 1863, Message of the President to the First Session of the Thirty-Eighth Congress, pp. 494-500.]

"On the east side of Grand Traverse bay, in the county of Antrim, lies a small reservation, inhabited by

some seventy Indians. As is the case with all the isolated bands, little or no progress is being made. They

should be induced to remove to one of the larger reservations. They have no school…."

The 1865 annuity roll, taken 30 Dec 1865.

Transcription by Larry Wykoff (from Academia.edu) from the originals at the National Archives, Washington, D.C.

1866 Annuity Roll -- Copies of the originals from the National Archives, Washington, D.C.

1867 Annuity Roll -- Originals from the National Archives, Washington, D.C.

Thomas Leguthrie, age 96, died 9 Jul 1867 of old age. He was married and said to be born in Mackinaw.

Chief Aish quay go nay be died 21 Sep 1867 at age 90, of old age. While he was listed as married, the 1867 roll line 24 above, listed him as one man, no wife. 

Wah-ba-nai, age 85, a widow, died 10 Jan 1868 of old age.

Ah-qua-kay-o-qua, the 15 year old daughter of Kenishaway and Wek nah, died 20 Feb 1868, cause unknown.

On 1 Apr 1868, Sha-bon-diu, a 50 year old married man, died of throat disease. 

There was cause for celebration with the birth of Wabmacouequa, son of George Aquanabie and Mahato Kay, on 1 May 1868

While Peter Mark and wife Mah-he-an (Mary Ann) welcomed a son on 10 Oct 1868, there wasn't a celebration. Mah-he-an, age 25, died the same day in childbirth. The death certificate states she was born in Grand Traverse. Baby died 1 Nov 1868 at the age of 21 days, cause not known.

On 13 Dec 1868, A-gat-a-gong, a 28 year old married female, died, cause unknown.

John Fisher, age 23 and single, died 15 Dec 1868, cause unknown. He was born in Grand Traverse and a laborer.

There are changes between the 1867 and 1868 rolls. Aishquaygonaybe has died and Taybawsekezhick became chief. The number of families increased from 30 to 50.  The number of people from 89 to 148.

The 1868 annuity roll was taken 21 Dec 1868 for the payment of monies from the treaty signed 31 Jul 1855. Transcribed and published by Raymond C. Lantz 1992

1868 Annuity Roll – Tay-baw-se-ke-zhick’s Band

# Name men/women/children/total amount received

1 O-ge-maw-ke-ge-do 1/1/8/10 158.50

2 Waw-bose 1/1/4/6 $95.10

3 O-ge-daw-naw-quot 1/1/4/6 $95.10

4 Me-zhaw-gaw, Francis 1/1/4/6 $95.10

5 O-ge-maw-ke-nay-se 1/1/4/6 $95.10

6 Waw-be-shaw 1/1/3/5 $79.25

7 Aken 1/1/3/5 $79.25

8 Tay-baw-se-ke-zhick, Chief 1/1/3/5 $79.25

9 Totrocheau, John B. 1/1/3/5 $79.25

10 Aw-waw-ne-ke-zhick 1/1/2/4 $63.40

11 Aw-waw-naw-quot, Francis 1/1/2/4 $63.40

12 O-ge-maw-ke-ge-do, Enos 1/1/2/4 $63.40

13 Naw-we-ge-zhe-go 1/0/3/4 $63.40

14 Maw-caw-day-mong 1/1/2/4 $63.40

15 Mitchell 1/1/2/4 $63.40

16 A-gaw-o-go-mo 1/1/2/4 $63.40

17 Ain-waw-te-no-quay 0/1/2/3 $47.55

18 Kin-ne-she-nay 1/1/1/3 $47.55

19 Ke-me-waw-nish-cum 1/1/1/3 $47.55

20 Me-ke-noe 1/1/1/3 $47.55

21 Naw-o-quay-ke-zhick 1/1/1/3 $47.55

22 Me-me 1/1/1/3 $47.55

23 Naw-baw-naw-gwan-do-quay 0/1/2/3 $47.55

24 Saw-gaw-naw-quaw-do, Mrs. Francis 0/1/2/3 $47.55

25 Key-way-quo-um, Saml. 1/1/1/3 $47.55

26 Saw-gaw-che-way-o-say 1/1/1/3 $47.55

27 Pay-she-nin-ne-a-be 1/1/1/3 $47.55

28 Key-way-din 1/1/0/2 $31.70

29 Way-win-daw-naw-quaw-do-quay 0/1/1/2 $31.70

30 O-ke-che-ge-ze-go-quay 0/1/1/2 $31.70

31 Ain-waw-tin, Joseph 1/1/0/2 $31.70

32 Ste. Perrie, Peter 1/1/0/2 $31.70

33 Pawn-de-gay-caw-waw, Louis 1/1/0/2 $31.70

34 Aw-naw-ne-ge-zhe-go-quay 0/1/1/2 $31.70

35 Kaw-gee 1/1/0/2 $31.70

36 O-pay-shaw 0/1/1/2 $31.70

37 Ain-waw-te-no-quay 0/1/1/2 $31.70

38 O-saw-waw-naw-ne-quay 0/1/0/1 $15.85

39 Key-way-nin, Margaret 0/1/0/1 $15.85

40 Naw-scaw 1/0/0/1 $15.85

41 O-chick-e-saw 0/1/0/1 $15.85

42 No-pe-me-quay 0/1/0/1 $15.85

43 Se-be-quay 0/1/0/1 $15.85

44 May-yaw-waw-che-won 0/1/0/1 $15.85

45 Pay-baw-me-say 1/0/0/1 $15.85

46 Pay-me-key 0/1/0/1 $15.85

47 Ne-ge-gwaw-baw-no-quay 0/1/0/1 $15.85

48 Battise, John 1/0/0/1 $15.85

49 Naw-o-gwaw-nay-be, Jacob 1/0/0/1 $15.85

50 Jackson, Mrs. Henry 0/1/0/1 $15.85

Copies of originals from the National Archives, Washington, D.C.

Shabondone, a 70 year old married man, died 25 Apr 1869 of cause unknown.

copyright (c) 2020 Vicki Wilson